Weight loss has long been associated with improved health outcomes, but a recent study from the University of Gothenburg has shed light on the long-term benefits of weight loss even for those who have regained some of the weight they initially lost. The study, published in The Lancet Region Health—Europe, focused on the health consequences of regaining weight following significant weight loss, an area where scientific knowledge has been limited.
The study analyzed data from 1,346 participants in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study at the University of Gothenburg, a comprehensive study of the long-term effects of bariatric surgery compared to conventional obesity treatment. The researchers looked at mortality, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and microvascular disease in individuals who had undergone weight-loss surgery and subsequently regained a significant amount of weight.
One year after surgery, the participants had lost an average of about 30 kilograms. Four years post-surgery, over half of them had regained at least 20% of the weight lost during the first year. The researchers compared two groups: one in which participants had regained at least 20% of their weight loss, and one in which participants had maintained their lower weight or gained only a small amount.
The study found that there were no differences in cancer risk and life expectancy between the two groups. However, individuals who had regained weight were at a greater risk of microvascular disease, with a higher incidence rate compared to those who had maintained their lower weight. A similar pattern was observed for cardiovascular diseases, although less distinct.
Associate Professor Kajsa Sjöholm, one of the lead researchers of the study, highlighted the long-lasting positive effects of weight loss, even for those who regained some weight. She emphasized the importance of providing effective support to prevent significant weight gain, as weight regain can worsen risk factors for cardiovascular disease and lead to other challenges that impact quality of life.
The study provides valuable insights into the health implications of weight loss and regain, underscoring the need for ongoing support and monitoring for individuals who have undergone significant weight loss. The findings suggest that even partial weight loss can have lasting benefits for overall health and well-being.
