History has played a significant role in shaping the modern world, with centuries of civilisation, empires, and cultural evolution leaving a lasting impact on societies around the globe.
Some nations can trace their origins back thousands of years, boasting organised governments, rich traditions, and cultural practices that continue to influence life today. According to data from World Population Review, several countries are considered the oldest based on archaeological evidence, early organised governments, and historic records.
Despite facing wars, invasions, and changing borders, these nations have remained strong custodians of their ancient heritage, serving as a testament to the resilience of human civilization.
These countries not only represent political entities but also hold the distinction of being home to some of the world’s oldest cities and civilisations, showcasing the depth of human history.
For instance, Damascus, Syria, is believed to have been inhabited as early as 10,000 BCE, while Jericho in the West Bank dates back to 9000 BCE. Other ancient cities like Plovdiv in Bulgaria and Susa in Iran further highlight the profound historical roots of humanity.
Here are the top 10 oldest countries in the world based on the earliest known organised governments:
Globe
1. Iran – 3200 BCE
Iran, once home to the Elamite kingdoms and later the Persian Empire, boasts over 5,000 years of recorded history.
2. Egypt – 3100 BCE
Ancient Egypt, with its pharaohs and pyramids, remains one of the most studied civilisations in history.
3. Vietnam – 2879 BCE
Vietnam’s history traces back to the legendary Hung Kings and an influential early kingdom.
4. Armenia – 2492 BCE
Armenia is renowned for its ancient culture and status as one of the first Christian nations.
5. North Korea – 2333 BCE
Korean history dates back to Gojoseon, founded by the mythical Dangun.
6. China – 2070 BCE
The Xia dynasty represents one of the earliest centralised governments in China.
7. India – 2000 BCE
India’s civilisation flourished around the Indus Valley, influencing much of Asia’s culture.
8. Georgia – 1300 BCE
Georgia’s ancient kingdoms have shaped its unique culture and religious history.
9. Israel – 1300 BCE
Israel’s roots can be traced back to biblical kingdoms and early monotheistic traditions.
10. Sudan – 1070 BCE
Sudan’s history is intertwined with the Nubian Kingdom of Kush, a rival of Ancient Egypt.
Oldest sovereign states
Oldest countries
