Outdoor recreation has long been seen as a luxury, but new research from Oregon State University suggests that it should be viewed as essential public health infrastructure. The study, published in PLOS One as part of the Play2Cope project, analyzed behavior and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that outdoor recreation’s mental health benefits were significant and measurable.
Led by Xiangyou (Sharon) Shen, the study collected data through an online survey from a representative sample of the adult population in early 2021. The findings revealed that engaging in outdoor activities, even near-home activities like walking and gardening, was associated with better mental health outcomes. Reduced outdoor recreation, on the other hand, was linked to higher levels of stress and depressive symptoms.
The study highlighted the importance of neighborhood-level green spaces, with parks and tree-lined streets playing a crucial role in supporting public mental health. The 3-30-300 rule, which emphasizes the presence of trees and green spaces in residential areas, took on new significance during the pandemic as traditional recreation options were limited.
One concerning aspect of the research was the general reduction in outdoor recreation among U.S. adults during the pandemic, particularly among racial minorities and those facing financial difficulties. This disparity in access to outdoor recreation spaces likely contributed to the disproportionate mental health impacts experienced by marginalized communities.
However, the study also found that individual adaptive engagement, such as adjusting the timing or location of outdoor activities, was a strong predictor of maintained or increased outdoor recreation. This suggests that policy support for recreational adaptation and access can make a real difference in promoting mental health and well-being.
Overall, the research underscores the importance of outdoor recreation as a public health necessity, especially during times of crisis. Policymakers are urged to prioritize access to outdoor recreation spaces with the same urgency as other essential health services. By recognizing the mental health benefits of outdoor activities and ensuring equitable access to green spaces, communities can better support the well-being of their residents.
The study was led by Colby Parkinson, with contributions from researchers at Oregon State University. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and public health officials as they navigate future health crises and prioritize strategies to support mental health and well-being through outdoor recreation.
