Plastics have become an integral part of modern life, used in everything from food packaging to household products. However, a new study co-authored by a University of Massachusetts Amherst economist has shed light on the adverse health effects of three toxic chemicals commonly found in plastics. The study estimated that the health impacts related to these chemicals reached a staggering $1.5 trillion in a single year, manifesting in premature deaths, chronic diseases, and lower IQs.
The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, analyzed data from 38 countries, representing a significant portion of the global population. Assistant professor Yongjoon Park explains, “More than 16,000 chemicals are incorporated into plastics, but we know very little about how most of them affect human health. Looking at just three chemicals, we found significant health and economic costs—and we believe these estimates to be quite conservative.”
The three chemicals in question are Bisphenol A (BPA), Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). BPA, commonly found in food packaging, has been linked to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and reproductive disorders. DEHP, used in industrial food processing and household products, has been associated with cardiovascular mortality and developmental issues. PBDEs, flame retardants added to textiles and furniture, are known to be neurotoxic and impair cognitive development in children.
The study estimated the health and economic impacts of these chemicals for the year 2015, revealing alarming statistics. BPA exposure was associated with millions of cases of heart disease and strokes, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths. DEHP exposure led to economic losses of nearly $400 billion, while PBDE exposure in pregnant women resulted in a loss of millions of IQ points in children born that year.
The researchers emphasize the need for stronger regulations and international agreements to safeguard public health against the hazards of chemicals in plastics. While countries like the United States, Canada, and members of the European Union have taken steps to reduce exposure to these chemicals, more than 70% of chemicals used in plastics remain untested for toxicity.
The study calls for a paradigm shift in national chemical laws and underscores the importance of a binding international agreement under the United Nations Global Plastics Treaty to protect public health. With plastic consumption rapidly increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, it is crucial to address the health risks associated with toxic chemicals in plastics.
In conclusion, the study highlights the urgent need to address the health and economic costs of toxic chemicals in plastics and calls for concerted global action to protect public health. By raising awareness and implementing effective regulations, we can mitigate the adverse effects of these chemicals and create a safer environment for future generations.
