Internet Use Surges in Rwanda but Affordability Holds Many Back

Rwanda Makes Strides Towards Universal Internet Access

Recent data from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) reveals that as of mid-2025, 38% of Rwanda’s population is now connected to the internet, in line with the average internet penetration rate in Africa. This represents a significant increase from 34% in 2024 and signifies a crucial milestone in Rwanda’s efforts to achieve universal internet access by 2030.

With 5.5 million active internet users out of an estimated 14.4 million people, Rwanda is actively pursuing digital inclusion. Guided by Vision 2050 and the ICT Sector Strategic Plan (2024–2029), the country is focused on fully integrating citizens, businesses, and government systems into a digitally driven economy.

Despite the progress in expanding infrastructure and increasing mobile access, there are still challenges to overcome. The cost of internet access remains a barrier for many, leading to a significant portion of the population remaining disconnected.

In June 2025, MTN Rwanda launched 5G services, enhancing the nation’s digital infrastructure. This high-speed and low-latency network is expected to drive innovations across various sectors, including smart cities and healthcare. Rwanda currently has 1,760 connectivity towers covering 96% of inhabited areas, with plans to add 840 more by 2028.

However, while infrastructure development has been substantial, the digital divide persists. Esther Kunda, Director General of Innovation and Emerging Technologies at the Ministry of ICT and Innovation, highlighted the importance of addressing access and affordability challenges, particularly in rural areas.

The Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV7) conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda revealed disparities in internet usage, with 57% of urban residents online compared to only 19% in rural areas. The report also indicated that only 20% of Rwandans use mobile internet, and 34% of households own a smartphone, with affordability being a key issue.

While data rates in Rwanda are among the cheapest in Africa, the cost of smartphones and data remains a significant financial burden for low-income families. Recent tax changes, including an increase in excise duties and VAT on imported phones, are expected to further exacerbate the affordability gap, particularly for rural and low-income communities.

Despite these challenges, efforts are underway to bridge the digital divide. The government’s Connect Rwanda program, in partnership with MTN, is working to improve smartphone access through donations and installment plans. Additionally, over 2,000 digital ambassadors are currently active across all 30 districts, helping citizens develop digital skills.

These initiatives have yielded positive results, with digital literacy in Rwanda reaching 75%, surpassing the 2024 target of 60%. This indicates that more Rwandans are becoming proficient in using digital tools, provided that they have access to affordable devices and data.