Senegal is facing its worst political crisis in decades after President Macky Sall abruptly deferred the 25 February presidential vote just hours before campaigning was due to begin.
The Constitutional Council overturned the delay, and Sall, whose second term is scheduled to end on 2 April, launched two days of talks to set a new poll date.
He announced the amnesty bill at the start of what he called a “national dialogue” on Monday, suggesting it could reunite the country.
“In the spirit of national reconciliation, I will put before the National Assembly this Wednesday a bill for a general amnesty for acts relating to political demonstrations that took place between 2021 and 2024,” Sall said on Monday.
“This will make it possible to pacify the political arena,” he added.
According to some rights groups, more than 1,000 people have been arrested since 2021 during the power struggle between opposition leader Ousmane Sonko and the state. Sonko and his party’s substitute candidate, Bassirou Diomaye Faye, are both in prison.
Meanwhile, the authorities have released hundreds of detainees in the past 10 days.
Cheikh Anta Diop University in the capital, Dakar, also reopened its campus on Monday after being closed for months.
The idea of an amnesty has proved divisive among both government and opposition supporters.
Some critics suggest it would excuse violent crimes committed by demonstrators, while the opposition camp fears it will be used to exonerate government and security officials for the deaths of protesters.
No ‘personal agenda’
The 3 February decision to postpone the presidential elections plunged traditionally stable Senegal into turmoil, with four people killed in the resulting clashes.
Sall, in power since 2012, said he called off the vote over disputes about the disqualification of potential candidates and fears of a return to unrest as in 2021 and 2023. The opposition called it a “constitutional coup”.
In his opening speech on Monday in the new town of Diamniadio, about 30km from Dakar, Sall reiterated he has no plans to seek reelection and no “personal agenda”.
“I’d like to leave,” he said.
“I have only one concern – to find a consensus on the date of the next presidential election so that the ballot can take place under the best possible conditions.”
However, Sall cast doubt on the feasibility of staging polls before the end of his term. He proposed the vote could be held by the start of the rainy season in June or July.
He also acknowledged that only two of the 19 qualified candidates had accepted his invitation to the dialogue – including his handpicked successor, Prime Minister Amadou Ba.
One of the boycotters, Cheikh Tidiane Dieye, described the meeting as “theatre”.
He and several other would-be presidential contenders have asked the Constitutional Court to formally hold Sall accountable for not fulfilling his duty to organise the poll.
General strike
The Aar Sunu Election (Protect Our Election) collective of more than 100 civil society groups also boycotted the talks and has called for a general strike on Tuesday.
Some fear a power vacuum if Sall leaves before a successor is installed, and have called for a vote before 2 April.
“President Macky Sall has just over 30 days left to run and we still don’t know when we’re going to choose another president,” protester Mohamed Al Amine Toure said at a rally in Dakar over the weekend. Others accuse Sall of delaying further scrutiny of candidates and buying time for political allies.
Opposition figure Sonko has been in prison since July 2023 for calling for an uprising, associating with criminals linked to terrorism and harming state security. The Constitutional Court rejected Sonko’s candidacy but accepted that of Faye, the Pastef party’s number two, along with about 20 others.
Faye has been under preventive detention since April last year but has yet to face trial. This month, his supporters called for “all political prisoners who have been locked up unjustly to be immediately released”.
Sall, who insists there are no political prisoners in Senegal, said he hopes to reach an agreement on the date of the polls by the end of the talks on Tuesday.
Understand Africa’s tomorrow… today
We believe that Africa is poorly represented, and badly under-estimated. Beyond the vast opportunity manifest in African markets, we highlight people who make a difference; leaders turning the tide, youth driving change, and an indefatigable business community. That is what we believe will change the continent, and that is what we report on. With hard-hitting investigations, innovative analysis and deep dives into countries and sectors, The Africa Report delivers the insight you need.